Neurorobotics by Tiffany J. Hwu;Jeffrey L. Krichmar;

Author:Tiffany J. Hwu;Jeffrey L. Krichmar;
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Autonomous Systems, Cognition, Intelligent Systems, Learning, Memory, Navigation, Neuroscience, Robotics
Publisher: MIT Press

6.2.1 Memory Consolidation and Spatial Memory

A brain region important for learning and memory is the hippocampus (see figure 6.1). The hippocampus is necessary to learn new memories and to consolidate those new experiences into long-term memories that can last a lifetime. The hippocampus can rapidly learn new autobiographical and semantic information, sometimes in the first experience (i.e., one-shot learning). Over time, this information becomes consolidated in the rest of the brain. Having a rapid learning system that can interact with a slower long-term storage area, which has been called a complementary learning system (Kumaran et al., 2016; McClelland et al., 1995), is thought to be the means by which our brains overcome catastrophic forgetting (i.e., forgetting previously learned information when learning new information). This aligns with the another memory model, known as the hippocampal indexing theory (Teyler and DiScenna, 1986), which states that memories in the form of neocortical activation patterns are stored as indices in the hippocampus that are later used to aid recall. Although this may be an oversimplification, the notion that the hippocampus and medial temporal lobe integrates multimodal information from the neocortex makes sense and is backed by experimental evidence.

Figure 6.1

The hippocampal formation. Left: Medial temporal lobe. The medial temporal lobe, which contains the hippocampus, is important for episodic and semantic memory. Information from many areas of the brain enters the medial temporal lobe. Right: Hippocampus connectivity. Cortical information enters the hippocampus through the lateral and medial entorhinal cortex (LEC and MEC). The LEC and MEC mainly project to the dentate gyrus (DG), which then projects to the CA3 subfield and then to the CA1 subfield. From CA1, information gets back to the cortex via the entorhinal cortex.

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